COLD ALLERGY: DANGERS AND PREVENTION
A cold allergy, or what the medical world calls a cold allergy, is a unique condition in which the body overreacts to low temperatures.
A cold allergy, or what the medical world calls a cold allergy, is a unique condition in which the body overreacts to low temperatures. For some people, exposure to cold air, ice water, or cold drinks can cause health problems such as itching. Furthermore, it can also affect the respiratory system, causing excessive sneezing and redness of the skin.
Scientifically, this allergy occurs because the body releases large amounts of a chemical called histamine.
This histamine release triggers a reaction in our immune system, resulting in symptoms such as an itchy nose, sneezing, and skin rashes.
Interestingly, this allergy isn't limited to cold weather; sudden changes in temperature from a warm to a cold environment in the morning can trigger the same reaction.
Why do cold allergies occur?
The causes of cold allergies are quite diverse. Age and genetics play a significant role. Children and adolescents tend to be more susceptible to this allergy than adults.
Furthermore, certain medical conditions such as hepatitis, autoimmune diseases, and cancer can increase a person's risk of exposure.
Those who have recently recovered from pneumonia or pneumonia are at greater risk of developing a cold allergy.
In some cases, cold allergies can even be passed down through families. For example, if a parent has a history of this allergy, their child will automatically experience the same condition.
Generally, there are two types of cold allergies: primary, which usually appears in young adults without underlying health conditions. Second, secondary, which usually occurs due to certain health conditions.
Symptoms of a Cold Allergy
The body shows clear signs of a cold allergy. For example, when we touch an ice cube, a red rash appears on the skin within seconds. This rash usually forms a circular pattern, resembling an island, and is accompanied by intense itching.
Other symptoms can appear in the mouth and throat area, such as swelling of the lips and throat when eating or drinking cold drinks.
In severe cases, this allergy can cause swelling of the tongue and throat, leading to shortness of breath.
The medical world calls this anaphylaxis, an extreme allergic reaction that can drastically lower blood pressure and lead to loss of consciousness.
Imagine if a patient with this extreme allergy swam in cold water, they could suddenly lose consciousness.
Diagnosis and Testing for Cold Allergies
To confirm the diagnosis, doctors usually conduct an interview and a direct skin examination. One simple test involves placing an ice cube on the skin for two to five minutes. If a red bump appears, the person is likely suffering from a weather allergy.
This simple test has a sensitivity of around 85% and a specificity of nearly 100%, making it quite accurate.
How to Treat Cold Temperatures
To date, there is no cure for cold allergies. However, there are various ways to manage the symptoms.
The most common step is taking antihistamines, which can reduce itching and rashes.
If symptoms occur at night, doctors usually prescribe antihistamines with a sedative effect. However, in more severe cases, medications such as cyproheptadine, omalizumab, or doxepin can be used.
Additionally, additional therapies such as systemic corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, or synthetic hormones can also be helpful in treatment.
For people with severe allergies, doctors even recommend carrying epinephrine to treat emergency reactions such as anaphylaxis.
Preventing Cold Allergy Recurrence
Because this allergy can recur, prevention is the best course of action through the following methods:
- Avoid foods and drinks that are too cold
- Take medication as prescribed and do not stop treatment without medical advice
- Protect your skin from cold temperatures or strong winds
- If you are planning surgery, inform your medical team about your cold allergy
- Seek medical attention immediately if you experience symptoms of shortness of breath or swelling of the face and throat
Conclusion
Cold allergies are not a disease to be taken lightly. Although they may seem simple, the body's reaction to cold temperatures can be serious if not treated properly.
By recognizing the symptoms, understanding the causes, and taking preventative measures, allergy sufferers can live a safer and more comfortable life.
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HEALTH